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'Now you lie in your own land
Now all men honor you
But I loved you, O Dion!'

柏拉图的铭文(Epigram)二首


  致叙拉古之王狄翁(Dion of Syracuse):

  迪翁是柏拉图的信徒与追随者,最后可以说是殉了他的道,也是悲剧英雄的典范。关于这个人说法不一,可以确定的是在柏拉图四十岁左右,他自己二十岁左右的时候他结识了柏拉图。Mask of Apollo讲的就是这两个人的故事。

 (Mask of Apollo中的译本)

  Tears were for Hecuba, friend,
  And for Illion's women, spun into the dark web on the day of their birth.
  But for you our hopes were great
  And great the triumph, 
  cancelled alike by the gods at the point of glory.

  Now you lie in your own land
  Now all men honor you
  But I loved you, O Dion!

  

  我的友人啊,泪水为赫卡帕*,以及伊利昂的妇女*而落下,

  自她们降世之日起,就被裹入黑暗之网,

  但对你,我们曾一度寄予厚望,你也赢来伟大荣光,

  只在光荣至极时由神祗消去!

  现在你长眠在故土上,现在你人人褒扬,

  但我曾爱过你,迪翁!


  *赫卡帕:特洛伊王普里阿摩斯的妻子。她眼见子嗣战死,都城陷落,丈夫被杀死,自己亦身死。

  *伊利昂:指特洛伊。


  Elegy and Iambus, Volume II中译本)

  The Fates once decreed tears unto Hecuba and the women of Troy at their birth; thy widespread hopes, Dion, the Gods did spill upon the ground when thou hadst triumphed in the doing of noble deeds; and so in the spacious city that bare thee liest thou honoured by thy fellow-countrymen, O Dion who didst make my heart mad with love of thee.


  命运一度在赫卡帕,以及特洛伊的妇女出世之时布下她们注定的悲哀泪水,迪昂,祂们亦在你获得崇高胜利之时给予无尽希望;而今这广大的城宇怀抱你,于此长眠,为同胞所尊敬——噢,使我心一度疯狂的迪翁!


  两个译本风格不太一样,瑞瑙特的非常抒情,后一个却更朴素,但是and so in the spacious city...这一段和波斯少年“虽然他来不及看见,但他已经永远地回来了。此处吸引的不再只是鸟群,而是普天之下的人,其中有我...”一段非常相似。柏拉图和迪翁的故事可能是那个时代最珍贵的宝物,Mask of Apollo每次看来都要落泪。


  致阿斯特尔(Aster): 

  Aster意为星辰。阿斯特尔应该是柏拉图年轻时代(也就是伯罗奔尼撒战争时)的友人/爱人,二人一起研习过天文学。这首哀歌后来由雪莱翻译并加以润色,作了阿多尼(To Adonais) 的序。那诗本身就是给济慈的哀歌。

  (雪莱的译本)

Thou wert the morning star among the living,
Ere thy fair light had fled;
Now, having died, thou art as Hesperus, giving
New splendor to the dead.

  你是生者中的晨星,

  直至星辰陨落,光芒消逝,

  而今身死,你如长庚星,

  为死者带去崭新的光环。


  Elegy and Iambus, Volume II中译本)

Even as you shone once the Star of Morn among the living, so in death you shine now the Star of Eve among the dead.

  如你一度像晨星般在生者中闪耀,死者中你亦身作暮星。


  第一次看到这首诗时是在搜集济慈的资料,当时只记得这个是希腊引文,后来去看了瑞瑙特的the Last of Wine和Mask of Apollo,搜索柏拉图给迪昂的哀歌时也看见了这一篇,猛然想起这个就是阿多尼的序言,然后又想起了在残酒里也看过少年时代的柏拉图和阿斯特尔。不如说这首诗肖似命运。


  


  

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